Neuropsychology is a medical specialty focusing on the effects that injury to or diseases of the brain and spinal cord have on emotions, behavior and learning.

Physicians who specialize in neuropsychology evaluate patients who are experiencing emotional and neurocognitive (related to memory, thinking and attention) difficulties that might be the result of many different conditions affecting the brain. 

Neuropsychologists focus on a patient's ability to function at work, school or in normal routine activities required to live independently. Among the various skills that might require attention and/or treatment are intellectual function, memory and learning, motor and sensory skills, language abilities, the ability to organize and plan, attention, concentration and emotional and behavioral functioning.